Direct & Indirect Speech Conditional Sentences

Direct or quoted speech is a sentence (or several sentences) that reports speech or thought in its original form phrased by the original speaker. It is usually enclosed in quotation marks.

Indirect speech, also known as reported speech or indirect discourse, is a means of expressing the content of statements, questions or other utterances, without quoting them explicitly as is done in direct speech.

Examples:

** D = Direct Speech
      I = Indirect Speech

1. D: Joko said, “I am going to mosque”.
     I: Joko said that he was going to mosque.

2. D: “Please give me something to eat. I am hungry” the little boy said to his mom.
     I: The little boy requested his mom to give him something to eat and said that he was hungry.

3. D: “Bring me a cup of coffee” said Perry to Gigi.
     I: Perry asked Gigi to bring her a cup of coffee.

4. D: Nunik said to Cantika, “Do you like make up?”
     I: Nunik asked Cantika if she liked make up.

5. D: “Aliyah! I have broken my sister’s lipstick” said her.
     I: She exclaimed sorrowfully that she had broken his sister’s lipstick.

Conditional sentences are also known as conditional clauses or if clauses. They are used to express that the action in the main clause (without if) can only take place if a certain condition (in the clause with if) is fulfilled. There are three types of conditional sentences.

The type 1 conditional refers to a possible condition and its probable result. These sentences are based on facts, and they are used to make statements about the real world, and about particular situations. We often use such sentences to give warnings. In type 1 conditional sentences, the time is the present or future and the situation is real.

Examples:
1. If you drop that glass, it will break.
2. Nobody will notice if you make a mistake.

The type 2 conditional refers to an unlikely or hypothetical condition and its probable result. These sentences are not based on the actual situation. In type 2 conditional sentences, the time is now or any time and the situation is hypothetical.

Examples:
1. If I were a plant, I would love the rain.
2. If I was the Queen of England, I would give everyone a chicken.

The type 3 conditional refers to an impossible condition in the past and its probable result in the past. These sentences are truly hypothetical and unreal, because it is now too late for the condition or its result to exist. There is always some implication of regret with type 3 conditional sentences. The reality is the opposite of, or contrary to, what the sentence expresses. In type 3 conditional sentences, the time is the past and the situation is hypothetical.

Examples:
1. If I had had enough time, I would have come to your wedding party.
2. If I had known you were coming I would have baked a cake.

Active & Passive Voice

Present Tense

1.      A: My sister clean the bathroom once a week.

P: The bathroom is cleaned by my sister once a week.

2.      A: Yayu eats the cereal before she sleep everyday.

P: The cereal is eaten by Yayu before she sleep everyday.

3.      A: My maid wash my clothes every morning.

P: My clothes are washed by my maid every morning.
 

Past Tense

1.      A: My mother visited to hospital yesterday.

P: Hospital was visited by my mother yesterday.

2.      A: You were in my heart.

P: My heart was been by you.

3.    A: Jokowi won the president election several years ago.

P: The president election was won by Jokowi several years ago.

Future Tense

1.      A: My sister will celebrate her marriage two weeks ahead.

P: Her marriage will be celebrated by my sister two weeks ahead.

2.      A: My sister in law will deliver the baby on December 2016.

P: The baby will be delivered by my sister in law on December 2016.

3.      A: Susi will leave the hotel tomorrow.

P: The hotel will be left by Susi tomorrow.
 

Present Continous Tense

1.      A: Ruri is reading the book right now.

P: The book is being read by Ruri.

2.      A: Dede is buying some chocolates for his girlfriend.

P: Some chocolates are being bought by Dede for his girlfriend.

3.      A: They are going to watch a movie tonight.

P: A movie is being watched by them tonight.
 

Present Perfect Tense

1.      A: My sister have gone to Japan.

P: Japan have been gone by my sister.

2.      A: Jana has taken his medicine.

P: His medicine has been taken by Jana.

3.      A: She has told all her secret to me.

P: All her secet has been told by her to me.

Interview Softskill

Kelompok
1. Faisal Afriaziz (23213108)
2. Fajar Apriyanto (23213138
3. M.Wilman Andrian (27213113)
4. Raditya Widyanto (29213305)

Short Story : Somone To Care For

My friend Natalie can't see the point in you. She says that all you do is burp, fart, dribble, grin inanely and emit a series if unintelligible noises. Admittedly she hasn't seen you at your best, but I still think that's a little harsh.
     The first time Natalie came to visit you were asleep on your back, gurgling little spit bubbles, a thin strand of drool running down your chin. Natalie just stared at you as if you were a creature from another planet. She made no secret of the fact that she wasn't impressed.
     The second time she came to visit you crawled across the carpet towards her and vomited on her expensive new shoes. I tried to make light of it, explaining that it's mainly just liquid and wipes off easily, but she really did look quite appalled.
     Natalie likes being a career woman, rushing between meetings in her power suit, clutching her Starbucks Coffee and her laptop. She's never wanted a husband or a baby, but if she could see you on a good day I'm sure she'd feel differently. If she could see the way you clap your hands and squeal with excitement when Scooby-Doo comes on the telly then she'd find you just as adorable as I do.
     Instead she thinks you're smelly and have a strange shaped head. She looked revolted when I said you like putting your toes in your mouth, and finds it disturbing that you're always staring greedily at my breasts. It upsets her even more when you stare greedily at her breasts. I tried to explain that you're a man and that's what men do, but she wasn't having any of it.
     If I'm honest, I think you could have made a bit more of an effort when Natalie first visited our house. I know it was the morning after Spongey's stag do, but I thought you could have at least lugged yourself into the bedroom instead of lying sprawled on the sofa in a curly wig, a pair of women's shoes and a t-shirt with a photo of Spongey's bare bottom on the front. If you'd had some trousers on it might not have been so bad. Natalie and I were comfortable enough perched on the wooden chairs, but it was quite distracting to have you snoring over our conversation, and I think Natalie was a bit uncomfortable when you started mumbling and fiddling with yourself.
When Natalie left, giving me a kiss on the cheek and a look of pity before rushing off for an appointment with her personal trainer, I removed your stilettos, covered you with a blanket and wiped the drool from your chin. Later, when you woke up screaming about a pain in your head which you assumed must be a brain haemorrhage, I gently explained that you had simply consumed an excessive amount of alcohol. I then sat by your side, holding your hand and stroking your forehead in a bid to reassure you. Three days later when you had recovered, I firmly reiterated this link between lager and suffering and said I hoped you had learnt your lesson. You looked ashamed, said you wouldn't do it again and then promptly went out and got wasted.
     I'd secretly hoped that things would be better the next time Natalie came to visit. I thought she might like you better if you had your trousers on and were conscious. To be fair you didn't let me down on either of those counts, but if I'm going to be picky then I wish you'd been sober and hadn't vomited on her.
     I assumed that when I told you she was coming for dinner you would come home from the pub before ten o'clock, but of course you bumped into Spongey down at the Queens Head and the two of you decided to celebrate the fact that you were wearing the same socks. I understand how important these things are to you, and I do appreciate the fact that you phoned me from the pub six times with a string of terrible excuses, but could you not have come for the Chicken Chasseur I had prepared? Instead you fell through the front door three hours late, addressed Natalie as Bob, crawled towards her on all fours and then chucked up all over her feet. It wiped off just as I said it would, but I don't think that made Natalie like you any better.
     Once Natalie had left - which she did at great pace - I cleared up the mess and sat you down at the kitchen table. You clutched my fingers tightly and tried to put one of them in your mouth, mistaking it for the digestive biscuit I offered you. I should have been furious, but when you grinned stupidly at me, your mouth surrounded by biscuit crumbs, my heart softened and I forgave you. At the end of the day, however badly you behave, you're mine and I still love you.
  I can understand why Nathalie thinks you're an idiot, but it's easy for her to judge. She already has everything she ever desired. I never wanted the impressive job title, the sports car or the big flashy house. All I ever really wanted was to be a mother. You might not be the most sophisticated man in the world, but you have a good heart and all the other necessary parts to help me fulfil that dream.
     I know exactly why having a baby is so important to me: I want someone I can take care of. I find it incredible that another flailing, helpless human being could rely on me to look after them. Babies are so utterly incapable of looking after themselves, so dependent on others for their wellbeing. From their failure to control their bodily functions to their inability to use their tiny undeveloped brains, they are so completely useless without someone to care for them. I want to be needed like that.
     Natalie says I don't need a baby to fulfil my dream. She says I'm already there.
     I have no idea what she means. I just don't think these career women understand.

Present, Past and Future Tense

 Present tense

1 (+) Now i watch the movie

    (-) Now the movie is watched by me

2.(+)Now i eat the apple

    (-)Now the apple is ate by me

3.(+)Now i clean the house

    (-)Now the house is cleaned by me

4.(+)Right now he write a letter

    (-)Right now a letter is written by him

5.(+)Right now she play a video games

    (-)Right now a video game is played by her

Past Tense

1.(+)Yesterday sam play a video game

    (-)Yesterday  a video game was played by sam

2.(+)Yesterday sena have a money

    (-)Yesterday a money was had by sena

3.(+)Yesterday jaka take a bath

    (-)Yesterday a bath was took by jaka

4.(+)Yesterday nunik watch movie batman v superman

    (-)Yesterday movie batman v superman was watched by nunik

5.(+)Last week she have a homework

    (-)Last week a home work was had by her

Future tense

1.(+)Tomorrow me will watch the  movie

    (-)Tomorrow the movie will be watched by me

2.(+)tomorrow me will play a football matches

    (-)Tomorrow a football matches will be played by me

3.(+)Sally is going to make a beautiful dinner tonight.

    (-)A beautiful dinner is going to be made by Sally tonight.

4.(+)Dadang is going to be washing the dishes.

    (-)The dishes are going to be being washed by dadang.

5.(+)They will have completed the project before the deadline.

    (-)The project will have been completed before the deadline

Daily Activity

At 7.00 o’clock  I wake up from my bed, after wake up I go to the bathroom to cleaning myself, get dress well and ready to the campus, sometimes I get breakfast before go .After that  me go to the campus using motorcycle, approximately need 1 hour for me to get to the campus. After that me studying in the class until noon, depending what day it is. After class is over ,me sometimes not go to home first, im hang out with my friends, chilling out with them. After hang out it’s time to go home , after arrived in home me cleaning myself ,after that me watching tv,playing computer and any other kind and then go to sleep.